The Implications of Regional Variations in Medicare Spending. Part 1: The Content, Quality, and Accessibility of CareFREE
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Abstract
Background:
Objective:
Design:
Setting:
Patients:
Exposure Measurement:
Outcome Measurements:
Results:
Conclusions:
Context
Contribution
Implications
Methods
Design Overview

Study Cohorts
Baseline Characteristics of the Study Cohorts
Assignment to Exposure Levels
Measures To Characterize the Content, Quality, and Accessibility of Care
Statistical Analyses
Results
Assignment of HRRs to Spending Levels

Patient Characteristics




Aggregate Utilization of Services

Content of Care


Quality of Care


Access to Care

Discussion
Appendix
Section A. Overview














Section B. Natural Randomization: Observational Research, Instrumental Variables, and Why We Did Not Use Formal Instrumental Variables Analysis
Section C. Additional Detail on the Study Samples
Patients with Myocardial Infarction
Patients with Hip Fracture and Colorectal Cancer
General Population Sample: The Medicare Current Beneficiary Survey

Section D. Measuring Spending Using Standard National Prices To Avoid Bias from Regional Differences in Prices or Policy Payments
Section E. Measuring the Primary Exposure: The EOL-EI in U.S. Hospital Referral Regions
Definition of Health Care Service Areas
Measure of Resource Use
Calculating the End-of-Life Expenditure Index
Section F. Sensitivity Analyses on Survival: The Acute Care Expenditure Index
Methods


Results



Discussion
Supplemental Material
References
Information & Authors
Information
Published In

History
Keywords
Copyright
Authors
Metrics & Citations
Metrics
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The Implications of Regional Variations in Medicare Spending. Part 1: The Content, Quality, and Accessibility of Care. Ann Intern Med.2003;138:273-287. [Epub 18 February 2003]. doi:10.7326/0003-4819-138-4-200302180-00006
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